The portrayal of events in the western media is too simplistic and makes for easy denounciations with only a fraction of the facts being highlighted whilst others are conveniently air brushed or not reported.
Srebrenica was a supposed safe haven, but it was also a base from which the muslim armies were launching raids into neighbouring Serb villages and be-heading innocent civilians with increasingly regularity. There were two significant clashes between the two armies in the lead up to the Serbs capaturing the town. The first one was reasonably easily put down. The second one however was much more fiercely fought and this so called civilian population had mysteriously accquired weapons (flown in under the noses of the Dutch and Norweigans in definance of an arms embargo - who do you think supplied them? - surprise surprise - yes it was). They had also become suspiciously well trained in a very short space of time (like the Croats before them, who had gone from a rag bag outfit of irregular, frequently drunk volunteers with little by way of weapons, uniforms, or discipline) to a well trained and supplied quasi national army. The process took about 6 - 9 months. The result was that the second offensive was a close run thing, with the Serbs only just winning it. They correctly deduced however that they might struggle to win a third given the levels of support, supplies and training that the muslims were receiving and needed to act pre-emptively (pre-emptive action is of course something with which this current White House is all too familiar with having used to justify their own global activities).
It is well documented that the muslim commander (Oric if memory serves me correctly?) refused to allow 2000 muslim civilians to leave (he needed them in the town in order to keep up its appearance of a non-militarised area), when it was anything but. With a civilian population to cloak Srebrenica's true nature, he could continue to raid and slaughter defenceless Serb villages and then retreat back to the town and play the safe haven/ civilian card.
So tell me, how would you react in Karadic's position to the pleas and urgings from your own civilians who were being routinely slaughtered by a garrison in an identifiable town that was gaining in strength and audacity?
The Serbs started to close in on the Srebrenica in order to provide a protective umbrealla cover to these villages. The intention at this stage wasn't to capture the town.
Then something pecuiliar happened. The leader of the Bosian Muslims (Itzerbegovic?) withdrew his military commanders and portions of his army, effectively abandoning the civilian population. Why? He was certainly showing less loyalty and concern to his own people than the Serbs had to theirs. Indeed, whilst they legged it to Tusla (i think it was) the civilian population and a skeleton protectorate were left in place.
There is no shortage of incidents in military history where a degree of conivance has occured, with one side setting up a position to draw a third party into a conflict, which they calculate would be to their advantage. Typically it involves sacrificing people by way of an orchestrated incident to provide the justification. From the Lusitania to Pearl Harbour, (the British and Soviets knew) Srebrenica joins the list of pre-texts for outright American intervention and support. This particular issue has been debated, and although it took a confession on his death bed from Itzerbegovic to finally admit it, there were no shortage of witnesses who had testified that he'd calculated that he could provoke the Serbs into an action that could then be portrayed by their Washington based PR and lobbyist firm to portray the Serbs as aggresive quasi Nazis. Efectively he abandoned them to their fate,knowing (perhaps even hoping) they'd meet a grizzly end. They could conveniently blame NATO and allow the Dutch to carry the can, even though the Norweigans had been monitoring USAF supply flights for the months leading up to it.
The extent of the massacre itself (like so many before) is also disputed. It is documented that the males were hived off seperately. Why wouldn't they be? Let's not forget that for the months previous this town was responsible for launching raids into neighbouring villages and guilty of committing its own attrocities. Is it really so unreasonable not to try and filter the ranks of the population with the view to trying find any perpetrators? As it happened they found very few, and quite a lot of them were simply sent on to Tusla (effectively cleansing the town to use the euphamism of the day).
I don't doubt however that some were executed, and there would have been innocents amongst them (war is messy, and civil war even more so). Events from this decade alone however, should teach us to be wary of claims of body counts though. The only mass graves we've turned up in Iraq to date have been dated to the war with Iran, and as yet we haven't found evidence of Saddam's alleged killing fields despite us being assured that 100,000's of them exist.
The figure we report in the west for Srebrenica is 8,000, although to date we've only uncovered 3,000 of which a small percentage died from other causes. The figure is significantly less than Spain incidentally in order to give it context, yet we routinely entertained Franco for decades. The missing 5,000 is disputed. There isn't any conclusive evidence that I'm aware of that places them in Srebrenica, and I think it's entirely possible that they simply went missing as the war unfolded (kille din other actions) whilst others just melted into the background and couldn't be accounted for, or were never there in the first place.
As I said, war is messy and there's rarely a case of right and wrong. Our own history isn't exactly stain free of slaughtering innocents (Amaritsar and I'm sure others can point to many more).
What were the Serbs supposed to do with Srebrenica given that it was garrison town masquerading as a protectorate which was being used to launch raids against Serb civilians? What would you have done when faced with such a horrible dilemma? Would you have sat back and allowed it to continue? You might argue that having captured the town the Serbs shouldn't have done anything else? I'd tend to agree, but as they moved through the terrorised villages en route to Srebrenica and saw what had been happening, I can understand (if not condone) why some reacted in the way they did. However, a pre-text for a wider action was needed, and so it became forgiveable to air brush muslim attrocities and exaggerate those of the Serbs.
No rights I'm afarid, just wrongs, and some with very cynical and calculating motivations.
By way of a footnote, (and it never occurred to me at the time) but I can now see how this relative low key precedent (military intervention on humanitarian grounds, however trumped up) could be invoked for future justifications?